#pragma once

#include <ATen/core/function_schema.h>
#include <c10/util/LeftRight.h>
#include <c10/util/Metaprogramming.h>
#include <c10/util/flat_hash_map.h>
#include <c10/util/either.h>
#include <ATen/core/ivalue.h>
#include <ATen/core/dispatch/KernelFunction.h>

#include <array>
#include <atomic>
#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <type_traits>
#include <sstream>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <functional>

namespace c10 {

/**
 * The type of a user-supplied function to initialize the kernel cache.
 * this is stored together with the KernelFunction in the DispatchTable
 * so we can create a new cache instance when a kernel is looked up
 * from the dispatch table.
 */
using KernelCacheCreatorFunction = std::function<std::unique_ptr<c10::KernelCache> ()>;
/**
 * The dispatch table stores a pointer to a kernel function and a pointer
 * to a function initializing a cache for the kernel. If the kernel wants
 * to use the cache, they supply the state initializer when the kernel
 * is registered. When a kernel is looked up from the dispatcher, a new
 * cache instance is created for it and each call to that kernel will get
 * this same cache instance.
 */
struct DispatchTableEntry final {
  /*not-nullable*/ KernelFunction* kernel_func;
  /*not-nullable*/ KernelCacheCreatorFunction cache_creator_func;
};

namespace detail {
inline std::string dispatch_key_to_string(TensorTypeId id) {
   // TODO Find better way to stringify tensor type ids without relying on backend
   std::string name = "";
   try {
     name = toString(tensorTypeIdToBackend(id));
   } catch (const std::exception&) {
     // This can fail if the tensor type id is not one of the preregistered backends.
     // However, dispatch_key_to_string is used to generate error reports, that
     // means an error already has happened when entering this function.
     // We don't want inner errors during generation of a report for an
     // outer error. Just report an empty name instead.
   }
   return name + "[" + toString(id) + "]";
}

class KernelTable_ final {
 public:
  void set(TensorTypeId key, const DispatchTableEntry& value, const std::string& operator_name) {
    auto emplaced = map_.emplace(key, value);
    if (!emplaced.second) {
      // Element already existed. Overwrite it.
      emplaced.first->second = value;
      TORCH_WARN("Registered a kernel for operator ", operator_name," with dispatch key ", detail::dispatch_key_to_string(key), " that overwrote a previously registered kernel with the same dispatch key for the same operator.");
    }
  }

  void removeIfExists(TensorTypeId key, const std::string& operator_name) {
    auto num_removed = map_.erase(key);
    TORCH_INTERNAL_ASSERT(num_removed <= 1); // This is not a multi-map
  }

  const DispatchTableEntry* lookup(TensorTypeId key) const {
    auto found = map_.find(key);
    if (found != map_.end()) {
      return &found->second;
    } else {
      return nullptr;
    }
  }

  size_t size() const {
    return map_.size();
  }

  std::string list_all_dispatch_keys() const {
    if (map_.size() == 0) {
      return "";
    }
    std::ostringstream str;
    str << detail::dispatch_key_to_string(map_.begin()->first);
    for (auto iter = ++map_.begin(); iter != map_.end(); ++iter) {
      str << ", " << detail::dispatch_key_to_string(iter->first);
    }
    return str.str();
  }

 private:
   ska::flat_hash_map<TensorTypeId, DispatchTableEntry> map_;
};
} // namespace detail

/**
 * Per-operator dispatch table.
 *
 * Given an operator specified by a FunctionSchema, this class records a dispatch
 * table for various kernels provided for this operator.  For example, if we
 * consider the operator add(Tensor, Tensor), the dispatch table for this
 * operator may contain implementations for various dynamic tensor types, such
 * as CPUTensorId, CUDATensorId, etc.
 */
class DispatchTable final {
 public:
  DispatchTable(const FunctionSchema& schema)
  : kernels_(make_left<detail::KernelTable_, DispatchTableEntry>())
  , dispatch_strategy_(get_dispatch_strategy_(schema))
  , operator_name_(schema.name()) {}

  /**
   * Register a kernel in the table at some dispatch key.
   * @param dispatch_key Dispatch key to define when this kernel is selected.
   * @param kernel Concrete kernel function implementation to register
   */
  void setKernel(
      TensorTypeId dispatch_key,
      const DispatchTableEntry& kernel) {
    TORCH_INTERNAL_ASSERT(dispatch_key != TensorTypeIds::undefined());
    TORCH_CHECK(dispatch_strategy_.is_valid_, "Tried to register a kernel with dispatch key ", detail::dispatch_key_to_string(dispatch_key), " for operator ", operator_name_, " that doesn't have tensor arguments.");
    TORCH_CHECK(kernels_.is_left(), "Tried to register a kernel with dispatch key ", detail::dispatch_key_to_string(dispatch_key)," for operator ", operator_name_, ", which already has a catch-all kernel registered. An operator can only have either a catch-all kernel or kernels with dispatch keys.");
    kernels_.left().set(dispatch_key, kernel, operator_name_);
  }

  /**
   * Deregister the kernel for some dispatch key.
   *
   * @param dispatch_key Dispatch key to unregister.
   */
  void removeKernelIfExists(TensorTypeId dispatch_key) {
    TORCH_INTERNAL_ASSERT(kernels_.is_left(), "Tried to remove the kernel for dispatch key ", detail::dispatch_key_to_string(dispatch_key), " for operator ", operator_name_, ", which only has a catch-all kernel.");
    kernels_.left().removeIfExists(dispatch_key, operator_name_);
  }

  /**
   * Register a catch-all kernel that is called for this operator
   * independent of the inputs. An operator can have either
   * a catch-all kernel or a set of kernels with concrete
   * dispatch keys, not both.
   */
  void setCatchallKernel(const DispatchTableEntry& kernel) {
    if (kernels_.is_right()) {
      TORCH_WARN("Registered a catch-all kernel for operator ", operator_name_," that overwrote a previously registered catch-all kernel for the same operator.");
    } else {
      TORCH_CHECK(0 == kernels_.left().size(), "Tried to register a catch-all kernel for operator ", operator_name_, " which already has kernels with dispatch keys. An operator can only have either a catch-all kernel or kernels with dispatch keys.");
    }
    kernels_ = make_right<detail::KernelTable_, DispatchTableEntry>(kernel);
  }

  /**
   * Remove the catch-all kernel.
   */
  void removeCatchallKernel() {
    TORCH_INTERNAL_ASSERT(kernels_.is_right(), "Tried to remove the catch-all kernel for operator ", operator_name_," but there is no catch-all kernel registered.");
    kernels_ = make_left<detail::KernelTable_, DispatchTableEntry>();
  }

  /**
   * Perform a dynamic dispatch on this table and find the kernel to call
   * for the given arguments.
   *
   * @param args Arguments to invoke the function with
   * @return Kernel function pointing to the right kernel for the given arguments.
   */
   const DispatchTableEntry& lookup(const Stack* stack) const {
     return kernels_.map<const DispatchTableEntry&>(
       [&] (const detail::KernelTable_& table) -> const DispatchTableEntry& {
         // We have a dispatch table. Find the correct kernel for the inputs and return it.

         TORCH_INTERNAL_ASSERT(dispatch_strategy_.is_valid_, "Operator ", operator_name_, " has an invalid dispatch key but kernels registered.");

         TensorTypeId dispatch_key = dispatch_strategy_.get_dispatch_key(stack, operator_name_);
         auto found = table.lookup(dispatch_key);

         TORCH_CHECK(nullptr != found, "Didn't find kernel to dispatch to for operator '", operator_name_,
                  "'. Tried to look up kernel for dispatch key '", detail::dispatch_key_to_string(dispatch_key),
                  "'. Registered dispatch keys are: ", listAllDispatchKeys());

         return *found;
       },
       [] (const DispatchTableEntry& entry) -> const DispatchTableEntry& {
         // We have a catch-all kernel. Just return it.
         return entry;
       }
     );
   }

   bool isEmpty() const {
     return kernels_.map<bool>(
       [] (const detail::KernelTable_& table) {return 0 == table.size();},
       [] (const DispatchTableEntry&) {return false;}
     );
   }

   std::string listAllDispatchKeys() const {
     return kernels_.map<std::string>(
       [] (const detail::KernelTable_& table) {return table.list_all_dispatch_keys();},
       [] (const DispatchTableEntry&) {return "ANY";}
     );
   }

private:
  struct DispatchStrategy final {
    // this is caching the index so we don't have to parse the schema inputs
    // again and again for each dispatcher lookup.
    // reverse_index means this is the distance from the first tensor argument
    // to argument_list.end(), i.e. from the top of the stack.
    // Since it is distance to end(), this means it's 1-indexed,
    // i.e. '1' is the last argument.
    size_t reverse_index_of_first_tensor_arg_;
    bool first_tensor_arg_is_tensor_list_;

    // An invalid dispatch strategy means we can't dispatch any kernels.
    // You're able to create a dispatch table with an invalid dispatch strategy,
    // but adding kernels to it will fail.
    // This is used to allow creating operators with empty argument lists
    // as long as they only have fallback kernels and no dispatched kernels.
    bool is_valid_;

    TensorTypeId get_dispatch_key(const Stack* stack, const std::string& operator_name) const {
      const IValue& first_tensor_arg = torch::jit::peek(
        *stack,
        0,
        reverse_index_of_first_tensor_arg_
      );
      if (C10_UNLIKELY(first_tensor_arg_is_tensor_list_)) {
        auto tensor_list = first_tensor_arg.toTensorListRef();
        if (tensor_list.size() == 0) {
          throw std::runtime_error("Tried to dispatch operator " + operator_name + " based on an empty tensor list. When the first tensor argument of an operator is a tensor list, then it must not be empty.");
        }
        return tensor_list[0].type_id();
      } else {
        return first_tensor_arg.unsafeToTensorImpl()->type_id();
      }
    }
  };

  static DispatchStrategy get_dispatch_strategy_(const FunctionSchema& schema) {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < schema.arguments().size(); ++i) {
      const auto& type = schema.arguments()[i].type();
      if (type->isSubtypeOf(TensorType::get())) {
        return {schema.arguments().size() - i, false, true};
      }
      if (type->isSubtypeOf(ListType::ofTensors())) {
        return {schema.arguments().size() - i, true, true};
      }
    }

    // The function schema doesn't have tensor arguments.
    // Return an invalid dispatch strategy.
    return {0, false, false};
  }

  // kernels_ either contains a dispatch table or
  // a single catch-all kernel that is called for every backend
  // The empty state (i.e. no kernels registered) is represented
  // as an empty table.
  either<detail::KernelTable_, DispatchTableEntry> kernels_;
  DispatchStrategy dispatch_strategy_;
  std::string operator_name_;
};

} // namespace c10
